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Date	May 2018	Marks available	1	Reference code	18M.2.sl.TZ1.5
Level	SL	Paper	2	Time zone	TZ1
Command term	State	Question number	5	Adapted from	N/A

Question

Limescale, CaCO₃(s), can be removed from water kettles by using vinegar, a dilute solution of ethanoic acid, CH₃COOH(aq).

Predict, giving a reason, a difference between the reactions of the same concentrations of hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid with samples of calcium carbonate.

[2]

Dissolved carbon dioxide causes unpolluted rain to have a pH of approximately 5, but other dissolved gases can result in a much lower pH. State one environmental effect of acid rain.

[1]

Markscheme

slower rate with ethanoic acid

smaller temperature rise with ethanoic acid

[H⁺] lower

ethanoic acid is partially dissociated

ethanoic acid is weak

Accept experimental observations such as “slower bubbling” or “feels less warm”.

[2 marks]

Any one of:

corrosion of materials/metals/carbonate materials

destruction of plant/aquatic life

«indirect» effect on human health

Accept “lowering pH of oceans/lakes/waterways”.

[1 mark]

Examiners report

[N/A]

Syllabus sections

Core » Topic 8: Acids and bases » 8.5 Acid deposition

22M.2.sl.TZ2.3c(i): State the product formed from the reaction of SO3 with water.
18M.2.hl.TZ2.2e.i:
Formulate the equation for the reaction of nitrogen dioxide, NO₂, with water to form two acids.
16N.2.sl.TZ0.3b:
Suggest why the experiment should be carried out in a fume hood or in a well-ventilated laboratory.
18M.2.hl.TZ2.2e.ii:
Formulate the equation for the reaction of one of the acids produced in (e)(i) with calcium carbonate.
18N.3.sl.TZ0.1a: Outline why the initial reaction should be carried out under a fume hood.
18N.3.hl.TZ0.1a: Outline why the initial reaction should be carried out under a fume hood.
19M.1.sl.TZ1.20: Which is not a source of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen? A. burning coal B. internal...
19M.1.sl.TZ2.20:
What is the major reason why the pH of unpolluted rain is less than 7?

A. methane

B. carbon dioxide

C. nitrogen oxides

D. sulfur dioxide
17M.2.sl.TZ2.5c:
State the equation for the reaction of NO₂ in the atmosphere to produce acid deposition.
19M.1.hl.TZ2.25:
What is the major reason why the pH of unpolluted rain is less than 7?

A. methane

B. carbon dioxide

C. nitrogen oxides

D. sulfur dioxide
18M.2.hl.TZ1.5b:
Dissolved carbon dioxide causes unpolluted rain to have a pH of approximately 5, but other dissolved gases can result in a much lower pH. State one environmental effect of acid rain.
21M.2.hl.TZ1.1e(iii): Suggest why this process might raise environmental concerns.
21M.1.sl.TZ2.20: Which causes acid deposition? A. SO2 B. SiO2 C. SrO D. CO2
21M.2.sl.TZ2.1f:
Outline how one calcium compound in the lime cycle can reduce a problem caused by acid deposition.
21M.2.sl.TZ1.1d(iii): Suggest why this process might raise environmental concerns.
22M.2.hl.TZ2.6d(i):
State the product formed from the reaction of SO₃ with water.
20N.1.hl.TZ0.24:
Which of these oxides contribute to acid deposition?

I.   ${SO}_{2}$
II.   ${NO}_{2}$
III.   ${CO}_{2}$

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III
21M.2.hl.TZ2.1e:
Outline how one calcium compound in the lime cycle can reduce a problem caused by acid deposition.

Core » Topic 8: Acids and bases

Core

Question

Markscheme

Examiners report

Syllabus sections

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