Evaluate the impact of violent and non-violent movements in two Latin American countries.

The question requires candidates to make an appraisal of violent and non-violent movements in two Latin American countries, weighing up their strengths and limitations. Candidates may offer equal coverage of violent and non-violent movements or they may prioritize their evaluation of one. The impact will be dependent upon the movements and countries chosen and may be positive or negative, successful or unsuccessful. Candidates may refer to the Landless Workers’ Movement in Brazil, the Zapatista Liberation Army in Mexico, the Madres de la Plaza de Mayo in Argentina, the National Liberation Army in Colombia or the peaceful protests that led to Pinochet’s downfall in Chile. In many cases, the Catholic Church and liberation theology promoted social movements. Candidates may argue that the non-violent movements were more successful in bringing about change, while violent movements met with strong government opposition and little civil support. Candidates’ opinions or conclusions will be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.

The question required candidates to make an appraisal of violent and non-violent movements in two Latin American countries. It produced a couple of responses that failed to focus on the demands of the question, showed no understanding of violent and non-violent movements after 1980, and treated violence used by the government instead of violent movements against the government.