| Date | May 2019 | Marks available | 15 | Reference code | 19M.3op2.HL.TZ0.4 |
| Level | Higher level only | Paper | Paper 3 (History of the Americas) | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Discuss | Question number | 4 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Section 2: European explorations and conquests in the Americas (c1492–c1600)
Discuss the impact of the Law of Burgos (1512) on the indigenous peoples of Spanish America.
Markscheme
The question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of the impact of the Law of Burgos on the indigenous people of Spanish America. The impact of the law may extend beyond the timeframe but it must be clearly linked to the issue raised in the question. Candidates may refer to the 35 laws of Burgos as the first attempt of the Spanish government to regulate the treatment of indigenous people in the Americas. The laws set regulations for working and living conditions as well as prohibiting the punishment of indigenous peoples by the encomenderos. Dominicans sought the reduction of maltreatment but saw the laws as inadequate and unenforceable. Abuses led to the New Laws of the Indies (1542). However, colonial opposition led to a form of the repartimiento being restored after 1550. Arguments may address the disparity between the language of the laws and the extent of implementation, depending upon time, place and circumstance.
Examiners report
The question required candidates to offer a considered and balanced review of the impact of the Law of Burgos on the indigenous people of Spanish America. There was little indication of detailed knowledge as to either the Law of Burgos or its impact on indigenous people.
