Date | May 2018 | Marks available | 15 | Reference code | 18M.3op4.HL.TZ0.27 |
Level | Higher level only | Paper | Paper 3 (History of Europe) | Time zone | TZ0 |
Command term | To what extent | Question number | 27 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
“Hitler’s consolidation of power between January 1933 and August 1934 was a political revolution.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Markscheme
Candidates are required to consider the merits or otherwise of the statement. Candidates should consider the extent of change to the political structure from the Weimar period—or even from Imperial Germany—and whether there was some continuity. Candidates may choose to address continuity and change discretely or chronologically. Some may argue that the dictatorship established in August 1934 was a complete change from Weimar’s liberal, democratic, federalist constitution. Others that the regime had similarities to Imperial Germany, with one dominant authoritarian figure as head of state or that parliamentary democracy had already collapsed between 1930 and 1933. Analysis of factors such as the Enabling Bill, the policy of Gleichschaltung, the position of Trade Unions, the establishment of the one-party state as well as the Night of the Long Knives and Hitler becoming Fuhrer should be linked to the concept of change (revolution).