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Date November 2017 Marks available 15 Reference code 17N.3op1.HL.TZ0.08
Level Higher level only Paper Paper 3 (History of Africa and the Middle East) Time zone TZ0
Command term To what extent Question number 08 Adapted from N/A

Question

To what extent did the fall of Constantinople (1453) transform the Ottoman state?

Markscheme

The question requires that candidates consider the merits or otherwise of the view that the fall of Constantinople transformed the Ottoman state. They may argue that the fall of Constantinople was of major significance to the Ottomans, as the strategic importance of the city instantly transformed the Ottoman state into a major regional power. From their new capital, they could control the Black Sea and the Eastern Mediterranean, Anatolia and the Balkans. The development of Istanbul as a port and commercial city led to greater interaction with the wider Mediterranean region. This interaction included trade with the Italian city states, the result of which was the burgeoning prosperity of the empire. Alternatively, candidates may argue that the transformation of the state itself was more limited, with the Ottomans failing to adopt any administrative practices from the Byzantines, preferring to derive their cultural influences from the Seljuk Turks.

Examiners report

[N/A]

Syllabus sections

HL options: first exams 2017 » HL option 1: History of Africa and the Middle East » 4: The Ottomans (1281–1566) » Ottoman invasion and capture of Byzantium; reasons for, and consequences of, the fall of Constantinople (1453); its effect on transforming the Ottoman state
HL options: first exams 2017 » HL option 1: History of Africa and the Middle East » 4: The Ottomans (1281–1566)
HL options: first exams 2017 » HL option 1: History of Africa and the Middle East
HL options: first exams 2017

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