Identify the percentage of people affected by diabetes in Europe in 2000.

State the region with the highest rate of increase in diabetes between 2000 and 2030.

Suggest two reasons, other than population growth, why the number of people suffering from diseases of affluence is projected to increase globally.

Explain one global and one local action that could be undertaken to manage a pandemic such as diabetes.

3–5 (Only range from the key is correct)

Middle East.

In each case, award [1] for a possible reason linked to affluence and [1] for further development showing applied geographical knowledge of food and health.

For example: The spread of popularity of fast food outlets [1], meaning more saturated fats are consumed, resulting in increased risk of heart disease [1].

Other reasons include:

• More sedentary lifestyle / lack of exercise [1] leads to increased risk of heart disease [1].
• Greater use of computers/laptops/smartphones.
• Longevity.
• Lifestyle choices.

Award [1] for each of one global and one local action managing the pandemic and in each case a further [1] for further development/explanation showing applied geographical knowledge of food and health.

For example (global): The 2009 influenza pandemic led to new vaccinations being created [1], which were then distributed around the world by the WHO [1].

For example (local): Campaigns / raising awareness [1] for example, introducing a sugar tax on soft drinks in order to reduce the incidence of diabetes [1].

Other actions include:

• airport screening
• vaccinations and immunizations
• surveillance and monitoring by WHO
• organized plans by health boards
• risk management plans.