DP Biology Questionbank

Description

Nature of science:
Making careful observations—careful observation and record keeping turned up anomalous data that Mendel’s law of independent assortment could not account for. Thomas Hunt Morgan developed the notion of linked genes to account for the anomalies. (1.8)Understandings:

• Chromosomes replicate in interphase before meiosis.
• Crossing over is the exchange of DNA material between non-sister homologous chromatids.
• Crossing over produces new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes of the haploid cells.
• Chiasmata formation between non-sister chromatids can result in an exchange of alleles.
• Homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis I.
• Sister chromatids separate in meiosis II.
• Independent assortment of genes is due to the random orientation of pairs of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I.

Applications and skills:

• Skill: Drawing diagrams to show chiasmata formed by crossing over.

Guidance:

• Diagrams of chiasmata should show sister chromatids still closely aligned, except at the point where crossing over occurred and a chiasma was formed.

Utilization:
Syllabus and cross-curricular links:
Biology
Topic 1.6 Cell division
Topic 3.3 Meiosis
Topic 11.4 Sexual reproduction

Aims:

• Aim 6: Staining of lily anthers or other tissue containing germ-line cells and microscope examination to observe cells in meiosis are possible activities.

Directly related questions

• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.05b: Explain the reason for linked genes not following the pattern of inheritance discovered by Mendel.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.8b: Draw a labelled diagram of the formation of a chiasma by crossing over.
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.19: The genetic determination of dogs’ coats can be quite complex, with many different genes acting...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.35: Which gametes can result from the following crossover?        
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.1: Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C....
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.19: In which situation are alleles exchanged? A. During the separation of sister chromatidsB. In the...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.5a: Outline the processes that occur during the first division of meiosis.    
• 15N.1.SL.TZ0.13: During which stage of meiosis does crossing over usually occur? A. Prophase I B. Metaphase...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.34: At which stage of meiosis does a pair of sister chromatids separate? A. Metaphase I B. Anaphase...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.3b: Explain how meiosis promotes variation.
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.34: How does meiosis cause Mendel’s law of independent assortment? A. Linked genes are randomly...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.33: The diagram below shows chromosomes during meiosis. How many chromosomes and chiasmata are...
• 11M.1.SL.TZ1.15: What happens in crossing over? A. Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes ...
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.4c: Explain how meiosis results in genetic variation in gametes.
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.33: Maize (Zea mays) contains 20 chromosomes in a diploid cell. How many chromosomes will be in each...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.34: When do chiasmata form in meiosis? A. During prophase I B. During metaphase I C. During anaphase...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.23: Which of the following conclusions did Mendel make from his experiments? A. Dominant genes are...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.7b: Outline the formation of chiasmata during crossing over.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.7c: Explain how an error in meiosis can lead to Down syndrome.
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.34: How many autosomes are there in a human sperm?A. 1B. 22C. 23D. 46
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.17: When does an unequal division of cytoplasm occur? A. During meiosis in the apical meristem B....
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.3c: Explain how the recombinants are formed during meiosis.