Date | May 2016 | Marks available | 1 | Reference code | 16M.3.SL.TZ0.3 |
Level | Standard level | Paper | Paper 3 | Time zone | TZ0 |
Command term | Distinguish | Question number | 3 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere leads to acidification of the ocean. This in turn reduces the amount of dissolved calcium carbonate. A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of increasing the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide on the calcification rate of marine organisms. Calcification is the uptake of calcium into the bodies and shells of marine organisms. The study was undertaken inside Biosphere-2, a large-scale closed mesocosm. The graph shows the results of the data collection.
State the relationship between atmospheric carbon dioxide and calcification rates.
Distinguish between the exchange of matter and energy with the surroundings in a closed mesocosm.
Markscheme
Negative correlation (Do not accept “negative” alone)
OR
inverse relationship
Decrease in calcification as atmospheric CO2/pCO2 rises
Matter does not exchange/enter/leave but energy exchanges/enters/leaves
Examiners report
N/A
Generally well answered though many referred to exchange within the mesocosm rather than with the surroundings.
Syllabus sections
- 17N.1.SL.TZ0.17: In an area of forest measuring 100 m by 100 m, samples were taken to estimate the number of...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.3b: Mesocosm experiments using water from Narragansett Bay were completed in the laboratory...
- 17M.2.HL.TZ2.4a.ii: Using the food web, identify a saprotroph.
- 17M.2.HL.TZ2.4a.i: Using the food web, identify a detritivore.
- 17M.2.HL.TZ1.4b: Most of the surface of the Earth is covered with a wide diversity of ecosystems. Outline two...
- 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1f.ii: Suggest a reason for the greater expression of the gene for the urea transporter after an...
- 17M.2.SL.TZ1.1c: Estimate how much smaller drilled oysters raised in seawater at a high CO2 concentration were...
- 17M.1.HL.TZ2.22: The image shows a transect through a stream and a field. Which calculation would test for...
- 17M.1.SL.TZ2.27: The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes infections related to the human reproductive...
- 17M.1.SL.TZ1.21: Cladograms can be created by comparing DNA or protein sequences. The cladogram on the left is...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.1b: Suggest one advantage of using a mesocosm in this experiment.
- 16N.2.HL.TZ0.1i: Discuss the need for international cooperation to solve the problems of declining coral...
- 16N.2.SL.TZ0.4c: Discuss whether or not horses and donkeys should be placed in the same species.
- 16N.2.SL.TZ0.1g: The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) was introduced to islands adjacent to Argentina...
- 16N.2.SL.TZ0.1d: Analyse the data to find the effect of flooding and tree felling by beavers on the activity...
- 16N.2.SL.TZ0.1c: The graph shows the mean dry mass of mayflies relative to the water temperature in their...
- 16N.2.SL.TZ0.1b: Describe the effect dams have on water temperature.
- 16N.2.SL.TZ0.1a: Calculate the difference in the mean dry mass of mayflies upstream and downstream of Cement...
- 16N.1.SL.TZ0.17: What is the classification of an organism that is able to make organic compounds from...
- 16M.1.HL.TZ0.23: Which are characteristics of a species? I. The potential to interbreed to produce fertile...
- 15M.1.SL.TZ2.17: Which statement describes the term species?A. Members of the same ecological communityB....
- 15M.2.SL.TZ2.1e: Besides farmland, identify which two ecosystems have the greatest total area with a high...
- 15M.2.SL.TZ2.1f: Predict with a reason, using the data, which district has most farmland.
- 15M.2.SL.TZ2.3c: State one reason that the population of mountain lions is smaller than the populations of...
- 15M.2.HL.TZ2.1f: Discuss the use of Adélie penguins in studying the effects of global warming.
- 15M.2.HL.TZ2.1d: Describe the trends in the length of the sea ice season around the Antarctic Peninsula and in...
- 15M.2.HL.TZ2.1e: Analyse the trends in colony size of the Adélie penguins in relation to the changes in the...
- 15M.2.SL.TZ2.1g: Discuss whether malaria could be reduced by replacing farmland with natural ecosystems and...
- 15M.1.HL.TZ2.16: The image shows an Arctic food web. What is the role of the Arctic hare? A. DetritivoreB....
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.20c: Outline the abiotic factors that affect the distribution of plant species in an ecosystem.
- 15N.1.SL.TZ0.1: Two populations of the same fish species were fed different diets to investigate the effect...
- 15N.1.SL.TZ0.18: Which of the following describe(s) this spider? I. Primary consumer II. Heterotroph III....
- 15N.1.SL.TZ0.19: Based on their diet, the feces of spotted hyenas appear white because of high calcium...
- 15N.1.HL.TZ0.1: Two populations of the same fish species were fed different diets to investigate the effect...
- 15N.2.SL.TZ0.2d(ii): State one role of saprotrophic organisms in the ecosystem.
- 15N.1.HL.TZ0.15: Which of the following describe(s) this spider? I. Primary consumer II. Heterotroph III....
- 15N.2.SL.TZ0.2d(i): Saprotrophic organisms, such as Mucor species, are abundant in soils. Define saprotrophic...
- 13M.2.HL.TZ1.4a: Distinguish between autotrophs and heterotrophs.
- 13M.1.HL.TZ1.16: In ecosystems the amount of energy that passes from one trophic level to the next is called...
- 13N.1.SL.TZ0.17: What is a population?A. Organisms of the same genus living in an ecosystemB. Organisms living...
- 13N.1.SL.TZ0.18: Which pair of statements is correct?
- 13M.1.SL.TZ1.19: What is an ecosystem? A. An environment in which an organism normally livesB. A group of...
- 13M.1.SL.TZ2.18: What term can be used to describe clams that eat decaying plant matter? A. DetritivoresB....
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.12c: Discuss the definition of the term species.
- 11M.1.HL.TZ1.16: What is a community composed of? A. Habitats B. Populations C. Abiotic factors D. Biotic...
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.10e: Allochthonous organisms are those which have migrated from one place to another, such as the...
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.10a: State the mean terrestrial invertebrate biomass measured in August.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.10c: Suggest the relationship between defoliation and the amount of terrestrial invertebrates in...
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.10b: Describe the trend in the aquatic invertebrate flux.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.10d: Suggest a possible explanation for the pattern in aquatic invertebrate flux to the forest...
- 11M.1.SL.TZ1.20: Which of the following is the best definition of a population? A. A group of individuals...
- 11M.1.SL.TZ2.21: Which of the following ecological units includes abiotic factors? A. A community B. An...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.19d: Suggest a possible explanation for the pattern in aquatic invertebrate flux to the forest...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.19a: State the mean terrestrial invertebrate biomass measured in August.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.19c: Suggest the relationship between defoliation and the amount of terrestrial invertebrates in...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.19b: Describe the trend in the aquatic invertebrate flux.
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1f: Suggest one reason for the high LCTw measured for the female dolphin.
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1g: Evaluate the hypothesis that water temperature determines the range and distribution of...
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1h: Explain how an increase in water temperature due to global warming could affect the...
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1b: Calculate the mean number of dolphins counted per survey for the winter season.
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1c: Compare the data for the dolphin populations in winter and summer.
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1a: State the largest number of dolphins counted in a single survey.
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1d (i): Compare the distribution of dolphins in summer and winter.
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1d (ii): Suggest one reason for the differences in distribution.
- 12M.2.HL.TZ1.1e: Outline the relationship between body mass and LCTw for male dolphins.
- 12M.1.HL.TZ1.14: In a pond, two species of fish feed on insects and worms. The insects feed on the green...
- 12M.1.HL.TZ1.15: The fungus Calocera viscosa obtains its nutrients from decaying conifer trees. Which pair of...
- 12M.1.HL.TZ2.15: What best describes the mode of nutrition of a heterotroph? A. It ingests only non-living...
- 12M.2.SL.TZ1.1b: Compare the distribution of dolphins in summer and winter.
- 12M.2.SL.TZ1.1c: Suggest one reason for the differences in distribution.
- 12M.1.SL.TZ2.17: What best describes the mode of nutrition of a heterotroph? A. It ingests only non-living...
- 12M.1.SL.TZ1.18: In a pond, two species of fish feed on insects and worms. The insects feed on the green...
- 12M.1.SL.TZ2.21: What term refers to organisms of the same species, living in a specified area and time? A....
- 12M.2.SL.TZ1.1a: State the largest number of dolphins counted in a single summer survey.
- 09M.1.HL.TZ1.15: Slime moulds (Acrasiomycota) are protoctists. They feed on decaying organic matter, bacteria...
- 09M.2.SL.TZ2.4a: Define the terms species, population and community. Species: Population: Community:
- 10M.2.HL.TZ2.1b: Using the data from the table, calculate the percentage difference in mean bird mass for the...
- 10M.2.HL.TZ2.1h: Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage for blood sampling rather than weighing birds to...
- 10M.2.HL.TZ2.1a: Considering all the birds sampled, identify which species was sampled the most and which was...
- 10M.2.HL.TZ2.1c: Compare the 17-year summary data for the hermit thrush and the magnolia warbler.
- 10M.2.HL.TZ2.1d: Evaluate the one season data for the hermit thrush and the American robin with regard to...
- 10M.2.HL.TZ2.1e: Describe, using the triglyceride levels graph, the results at Site 1 and Site 2 for all of...
- 10M.2.HL.TZ2.1g: Scientists have hypothesized that the food quality is better at Site 1 than at Site 2....
- 10M.2.HL.TZ2.1f: Explain the differences in the triglyceride level and butyrate level for the hermit thrush at...
- 10M.1.SL.TZ1.18: What is a community? A. A group of organisms living and interacting in the same trophic...
- 10M.2.SL.TZ1.1a: Outline the trends, over the period of time shown in the graph, in the number of grey...
- 10M.2.SL.TZ1.1b (i): Identify the correlation between the density of grey partridges and birds of prey.
- 10M.2.SL.TZ1.1b (ii): Suggest a hypothesis to account for this correlation.
- 10M.2.SL.TZ1.1c (i): Calculate the percentage of deaths due to birds of prey.
- 10M.2.SL.TZ1.1c (ii): Using the data provided, discuss the causes of the correlation between the density of grey...
- 10M.2.SL.TZ2.1b: Discuss the relationship between sampling visits (V) and puddling time (T) in experiments 1,...
- 10M.2.SL.TZ2.1a: Identify the dissolved element always present in the three samples with most puddling time.
- 10M.2.SL.TZ2.1c: Analyse the results for experiment 4.
- 09N.1.SL.TZ0.17: Zoophobas morio is an insect. Its larvae feed on bat feces in caves in Guatemala. What type...
- 11N.1.HL.TZ0.22: Which term best defines a group of populations living and interacting with each other in an...
- 11N.1.SL.TZ0.20: Which of the following trophic groups include fungi? A. Detritivores B. Autotrophs C....
- 12N.1.HL.TZ0.15: What is the mode of nutrition of midge larva? A. AutotrophB. DetritivoreC. HeterotrophD....
- 12N.1.HL.TZ0.16: Which represents a correct food chain from this web? A. stickleback → midge larva →...
- 12N.2.SL.TZ0.6a: Define habitat, population, community and ecosystem.