Discuss one or more ethical considerations related to promoting health.

Refer to the paper 2 assessment criteria when awarding marks. These can be found under the “Your tests” tab > supplemental materials.

The command term “discuss” requires the candidate to offer a considered review of ethical considerations related to promoting health.

Relevant ethical considerations discussed may include, but are not limited to:

• cultural factors affecting health promotion
• the accuracy and validity of the research used to develop health promotion such as “Fear-arousal factors” that are designed to scare people into healthy behaviours
• deception.

Relevant studies include, but are not limited to:

• McNeely et al.’s (2002) study on promoting school connectedness and adolescent health
• Job’s (1988) study on effective and ineffective use of fear in health promotion programmes
• Ruiter et al.’s (2014) review of research on fear appeal in promoting health
• Carter et al.’s (2011) study on evidence, ethics and values in promoting health
• Wallace and Forman’s (1998) study on religion’s role in promoting health among American youths.

Candidates rarely chose this question. In the majority of cases, candidates choosing this question failed to address it thoroughly. There was a lack of focus on “ethical considerations of health promotion”. Instead, most candidates addressed ethical considerations of studies on health or wrote about health promotion in general. Overall, the responses were overly descriptive, lacking both focus and evidence of critical thinking. Only a minority of candidates provided detailed and relevant responses. In these cases, ethical concerns included fear arousal, cultural factors and deception.