| Date | May 2017 | Marks available | 22 | Reference code | 17M.Paper 1.BP.TZ1.4 |
| Level | SL and HL | Paper | Paper 1 | Time zone | TZ1 |
| Command term | Discuss | Question number | 4 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Discuss the use of one or more brain imaging technologies in investigating the relationship between biological factors and behaviour.
Markscheme
Refer to the paper 1 section B assessment criteria when awarding marks.
The command term “discuss” requires candidates to offer a considered review of the use of one or more brain imaging technologies in investigating the relationship between biological factors and behaviour.
Brain imaging technologies could include, but are not limited to:
- CT (computerized tomography)
- PET (positron emission tomography)
- MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
- fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)
- EEG (electroencephalography).
Candidates may refer to studies such as:
- Corkin (1997) using MRI to investigate the effect of damage to HM’s medial temporal lobes and the effect on memory formation.
- Brefczynski-Lewis et al.’s (2007) study to investigate the effect of meditation on the brain using fMRI.
- Maguire et al.’s (2000) study using MRI scans to investigate spatial ability and neuroplasticity in taxi drivers.
- Ogden’s (2005) study using CT scans to investigate the effect of brain damage on hemineglect.
Discussion may include, but is not limited to:
- how brain imaging technologies have changed and furthered the study of behaviour
- differences in why and how different technologies are used
- evaluation of the techniques (for example, cost/benefit analysis, reductionism)
- ethical and methodological considerations in the use of the technology.
The focus of the response must be on how brain imaging technology is used to understand the relationship between biological factors and behaviour. Although an understanding of how the technology functions may be included, it is not required for top marks to be awarded.
Candidates may discuss one brain imaging technology in order to demonstrate depth of knowledge, or may discuss more than one brain imaging technology in order to demonstrate breadth of knowledge. Both approaches are equally acceptable.
Candidates may address one biological factor, or more than one. Both approaches are equally acceptable.
