| Date | November 2016 | Marks available | 22 | Reference code | 16N.Paper 2.BP.TZ0.3 |
| Level | SL and HL | Paper | Paper 2 | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Evaluate | Question number | 3 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Evaluate the use of an eclectic approach to treatment.
Markscheme
Refer to the paper 2 assessment criteria when awarding marks.
The command term “evaluate” requires candidates to make an appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations of an eclectic approach to treatment. Although a discussion of both strengths and limitations is required, it does not have to be evenly balanced to gain high marks.
An eclectic approach to treatment refers to instances where the therapist selects treatments and strategies from a variety of current approaches. Responses may refer to an eclectic treatment in general or an eclectic treatment for specific disorders. Both approaches are equally acceptable.
Many examples of eclectic approaches to treatment are available, for example:
- Sharp et al.’s (1999) study of drug therapy combined with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
- Pampallona’s (2004) analysis of the relative effectiveness of drug therapy versus combined treatment
- Elkin et al.’s (1989) study of the relative effectiveness of interpersonal therapy (IPT), CBT, drugs and placebo
- McDermut et al.’s (2001) study of group therapy versus CBT.
Strengths of the eclectic approach may include, but are not limited to:
- strengths of each separate approach are combined so that potential limitations of a specific approach are decreased
- the overall treatment is tailored to the specific needs of the client
- it provides flexibility in treatment (for example, many patients suffer from several disorders at the same time)
- lower relapse rates.
Limitations of the eclectic approach may include, but are not limited to:
- too complex for one clinician to manage
- difficult to empirically study its long-term effectiveness
- using too many approaches may reduce the effectiveness of each individual approach
- cost.
If a candidate discusses only strengths or only limitations, the response should be awarded up to a maximum of [5] for criterion B, critical thinking, and up to a maximum of [2] for criterion C, organization. Up to full marks may be awarded for criterion A, knowledge and comprehension.
