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Date	November 2020	Marks available	1	Reference code	20N.2.SL.tz0.2
Level	Standard Level	Paper	Paper 2	Time zone	time zone 0
Command term	Deduce	Question number	2	Adapted from	N/A

Question

A separate study focused on the physiology of muscle fibres. It investigated the effect of post-exercise massage on muscle stiffness over a five-day period after downhill running. Stiffness of four leg muscles (rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius) was assessed pre-run, immediately post-run, post-massage, and 24, 48, and 72 hours post-massage. For comparison, one leg was massaged and the other received a placebo treatment. (Note: an increase in N m^–1 value means an increase in muscle stiffness.)

[Source: Adapted from Kong et al. “Effect of Post-Exercise Massage on Passive Muscle Stiffness
Measured Using Myotonometry – A Double-Blind Study,” Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 17(4), 599–606.]

Identify the massaged muscle with the greatest stiffness post-run.

[1]

Calculate the difference in stiffness, in N m^–1, between massaged muscle and placebo post-massage for the muscle identified in 2(a).

[2]

Deduce the effect of post-exercise massage on muscle stiffness at 72 hours post-massage.

[1]

Markscheme

tibialis anterior;

415−388;
= 27 <N m^–1>;

ECF
Accept calculation in the converse.

no / limited <significant / meaningful> effect;

Examiners report

Data questions were generally answered correctly.

This was an easy question that not many answered appropriately.

Syllabus sections

Topic 1: Anatomy » 1.2. The muscular system » 1.2.5. Identify the location of skeletal muscles in various regions of the body.

Topic 1: Anatomy » 1.2. The muscular system

Topic 1: Anatomy

Question

Markscheme

Examiners report

Syllabus sections

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