Date | November 2020 | Marks available | 4 | Reference code | 20N.3.HL:.tz0.8 |
Level | Higher Level | Paper | Paper 3 | Time zone | time zone 0 |
Command term | Discuss | Question number | 8 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Define population attributable risk.
An athlete has been diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Identify two other risk factors that may lead to sudden cardiac death.
Walking is associated with a lower risk of mortality. Discuss the benefits of regular walks on health.
Markscheme
the percentage/proportion of public health burden that is caused by a particular risk factor;
intensity of exercise induces the cardiac issue;
they are not used to exercising / do not take part in regular exercise «at the same intensity» which would prevent cardiac issues;
habitual weekly exercise/athletes who habitually exercise at high levels are more susceptible to SCD / elevates troponin levels which increases risk to SCD;
underlying medical history/genetic disposition;
improved metabolic rates / energy expenditure;
increased VO2max;
improved plasma lipid profiles; improved plasma lipid profiles increase blood vessel health / decreased chance of clotting;
decreased adiposity around organs;
decreased blood pressure <as a result of fewer fatty deposits in blood vessels> creates less strain on vascular system;
reduced risk of osteoporosis / skeletal injuries;
improved mood / perception of self- esteem / endorphin release;
improved body composition lowers strain on skeletal system / heart / joints / blood vessels / chances of developing Type ii diabetes;
Ensure each factor is discussed appropriately. Award [1] max for a list.
Examiners report
Answered poorly.
Answered poorly with conflicting answers.
Overall, answered well.