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Date November 2020 Marks available 2 Reference code 20N.3.HL:.tz0.8
Level Higher Level Paper Paper 3 Time zone time zone 0
Command term Identify Question number 8 Adapted from N/A

Question

Define population attributable risk.

[1]
a.

An athlete has been diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Identify two other risk factors that may lead to sudden cardiac death.

[2]
b.

Walking is associated with a lower risk of mortality. Discuss the benefits of regular walks on health.

[4]
c.

Markscheme

the percentage/proportion of public health burden that is caused by a particular risk factor;

a.

intensity of exercise induces the cardiac issue;

they are not used to exercising / do not take part in regular exercise «at the same intensity» which would prevent cardiac issues;

habitual weekly exercise/athletes who habitually exercise at high levels are more susceptible to SCD / elevates troponin levels which increases risk to SCD;

underlying medical history/genetic disposition;

b.

improved metabolic rates / energy expenditure;

increased VO2max;

improved plasma lipid profiles; improved plasma lipid profiles increase blood vessel health / decreased chance of clotting;

decreased adiposity around organs;

decreased blood pressure <as a result of fewer fatty deposits in blood vessels> creates less strain on vascular system;

reduced risk of osteoporosis / skeletal injuries;

improved mood / perception of self- esteem / endorphin release;

improved body composition lowers strain on skeletal system / heart / joints / blood vessels / chances of developing Type ii diabetes;

Ensure each factor is discussed appropriatelyAward [1] max for a list.

c.

Examiners report

Answered poorly.

a.

Answered poorly with conflicting answers.

b.

Overall, answered well.

c.

Syllabus sections

Option C: Physical activity and health » C.8. Public health (HL only) » C.8.5. Outline the causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes.
Option C: Physical activity and health » C.8. Public health (HL only)
Option C: Physical activity and health

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