Date | November 2019 | Marks available | 1 | Reference code | 19N.3.SL.tz0.11 |
Level | Standard Level | Paper | Paper 3 | Time zone | time zone 0 |
Command term | Outline | Question number | 11 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Define atherosclerosis.
Outline how a lifestyle of physical inactivity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
The diagram shows an anterior view of the heart.
[Source: adapted from Coronary arterial circulation, author: Addicted04, https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coronary_
arterial_circulation_-_es.svg. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en).]
Annotate parts X and Y of the coronary circulation.
X:
Y:
Markscheme
hardening of artery walls / an artery becomes damaged and blocked <with cholesterol and other material> ✔
people who are physically inactive are more likely to have risk factors for cardiovascular disease <such as high blood pressure, obesity, type 2 diabetes and low HDL-cholesterol> ✔
X: <left> circumflex artery: supplies blood to <most of> the left atrium and <the posterior and lateral walls of> the left ventricle
OR
circumflex artery / branches: provides blood to the SA node ✔
Y: left anterior descending artery: provides the major blood supply to the interventricular system
OR
left anterior descending artery: blockage of this artery due to coronary artery disease can lead to impairment or death ✔
Accept other valid annotations.
Accept labels as well as annotations.