| Date | November 2019 | Marks available | 3 | Reference code | 19N.3.SL.tz0.9 |
| Level | Standard Level | Paper | Paper 3 | Time zone | time zone 0 |
| Command term | Analyse | Question number | 9 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
A study examined the effect of parental exercise on their daughters’ participation in exercise. Parents were grouped according to their exercise habits:
- Group 1: Neither parent exercises (78 %).
- Group 2: Only one parent exercises (18 %).
- Group 3: Both parents exercise (4 %).
The percentages of the girls’ exercise habits are shown in the diagram.
[Source: adapted from Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Vol 13 no 3, S. Sukys et al., Do Parents’
Exercise Habits Predict 13–18-Year-Old Adolescents’ Involvement in Sport?, Pages 522–528,
with permission from the JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE AND MEDICINE]
State the parent group with the largest percentage of girls who exercise.
Calculate the difference between the percentage of girls who exercise in Groups 1 and 3.
Deduce the effect of parental exercise habits on the participation of girls in exercise.
Analyse personal and environmental barriers that may affect girls’ adherence to exercise.
Markscheme
Group 3 / both parents exercise ✔
46 − 23 ✔
= 23 <%> ✔
Accept the subtraction in a different order.
girls are more likely to exercise if one or both parents engage in physical activity
OR
the majority of girls are more likely not to exercise even if their parents exercise ✔
Personal factors:
past behaviours, eg not having a positive experience in the past through poor modelling or discouragement ✔
Insecurities around body image ✔
Environmental factors:
social environment, eg lack encouragement/companionship from parents ✔
social and cultural norms within various ethnic groups, eg false belief/values/attitudes that females should not engage in exercise ✔
Lack of effective leaders/role models ✔
