Date | November 2019 | Marks available | 2 | Reference code | 19N.2.SL.tz0.3 |
Level | Standard Level | Paper | Paper 2 | Time zone | time zone 0 |
Command term | Outline | Question number | 3 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Distinguish the movement permitted between a fibrous and a cartilaginous joint.
The articular capsule, meniscus and ligaments provide stability at the knee. Outline two other features of a synovial joint.
Using an example, outline an agonist.
Markscheme
OR
cartilaginous joints allow more movement than fibrous joints ✔
Bursae:
a small sac lined with synovial membrane containing synovial fluid ✔
often found between a bone and soft tissue, such as tendons or ligaments ✔
reduces friction / facilitates movement between structures in and/or around a joint✔
Synovial membrane:
lines the inner surface of the capsule ✔
secretes synovial fluid into the cavity ✔
encloses synovial fluid ✔
Synovial fluid:
thick stringy fluid that helps to lubricate the joint ✔
nourishes articular cartilage ✔
Articular cartilage:
smooth tissue that covers the end of articulating bones ✔
allows bones to glide smoothly over each other ✔
absorbs shock ✔
Award max [1] per feature outlined
the prime mover is known as the agonist, eg. the quadriceps when the knee extends to kick a ball ✔
Correct example required for [1].