Define overreaching.

Define overtraining.

Discuss indicators of overtraining in an athlete.

Discuss how training should be organised in the preparation phase of a sprinter training for the 2019 World Championships.

overreaching is transient overtraining ✔

increasing frequency/intensity/duration of an exercise for improvement ✔

overtraining is when an athlete attempts to do more training than he or she is able to physically and/or mentally tolerate ✔

decreased appetite. Noticeable behavioural change in food intake leading to body weight loss/fat and muscle loss ✔

chronic soreness such as muscle or bone tenderness/soreness «which is a sign the muscles are not recovering» ✔

fatigue indicators including sleep disturbance «combination of nervous system and or hormonal system overload»/nausea ✔

elevated resting HR/BP ✔

unexplained decline in performance ✔

increased susceptibility to infections/reduced immune function/ continual catabolic state ✔

Award [1 max] for listing three indicators.

periodization / mesocycle would be used for training for the world championships ✔

there may be multiple preparation phases within a macrocycle ✔

the preparation phase can be broken into mesocycles with a specific focus (1–3 months) ✔

used for optimizing performance where training will start broad and become more specific eg fitness ✔

multiple mesocycles can be broken down into microcycles (7–14 days) ✔

elicit specific adaptations for the sprinter by balancing high intensity work with rest and recovery ✔

Students had a better understanding of overreaching definition.

Students had a better understanding of overtraining definition.

Students lost marks here as they did not follow the command term. Students listed rather than discussed so in many cases students were only awarded a max 1 mark.

This question was not answered very well, rarely were 4 marks awarded. Students answers were superficial and repeated points without answering the question. Some students did not discuss periodization at all.