| Date | November 2016 | Marks available | 1 | Reference code | 16N.3.SL.tz0.3 |
| Level | Standard Level | Paper | Paper 3 | Time zone | time zone 0 |
| Command term | Define | Question number | 3 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Define the term ergogenic aid.
Discuss the benefits for an athlete using anabolic steroids.
Suggest how a soccer player could use periodization to optimise their performance in the preparation phase for the 2018 soccer world cup in Russia.
Markscheme
a substance/device/phenomenon that can improve an athlete’s performance ✔
stimulates and promotes bone maturation and protein synthesis to help strengthen bone and increase muscle growth ✔
an increase in muscle growth leads to an increase in muscle mass ✔
greater increase in muscle mass when combined with a high protein diet ✔
«hypertrophy» leads to an increase in muscular strength/power ✔
protein synthesis aids the repair of muscle tissue during recovery from exercise/allows athletes to train more frequently ✔
«proposed» aggressive and competitive effects allows performer to train for longer✔
preparation phase «pre-season» used for developing and improving aerobic fitness «where the load will be quite high and the training will start broad and become more specific» ✔
progressively increase volume, intensity and exercise selection specific for football ✔
macrocycles are divided into mesocycles ✔
length of preparation phase would be a meso cycle «2–8weeks» ✔
meso cycle/preparation phase would be broken down into microcycles «7–14 days» ✔
preparation phase/meso cycle would be used for national team training specific for the goals of the team ✔
Examiners report
Well answered and well understood.
Well answered.
Not an easy question and getting full marks was difficult.
