Outline habitual physical activity and exercise.

Define hypokinetic disease.

Using examples, discuss the relationship between major societal changes and hypokinetic disease.

Habitual physical activity:
is any bodily movement produced by contraction of skeletal muscles that substantially increases energy expenditure ✔

Exercise:
is a subcategory of physical activity where «planned, structured and repetitive» bodily movements are performed to improve or maintain one or more components of fitness ✔

Award [1 max] for each. 

[2]

a disease associated with physical inactivity ✔

[1]

increase in use of motor vehicles reducing the amount of activity undertaken for example, the convenience and speed of going to a local shop is now more likely to be done in a car ✔

changes to working patterns, for example, people working shifts may mean that they’re working at night and sleeping in the day or are too tired to exercise / means people cannot be at training sessions ✔

the use of technology to communicate now means that people can communicate from their room to others in different spaces where they may have had to walk to see these people previously ✔

the rise of fast food and deliveries means that people are not as active in their making of food as they may have previously been ✔

nature of many occupations has changed so fewer people work in manual jobs and more work in jobs aligned with sedentary behaviour ✔

Award [1 max] for a list of factors.

[4 max]

Students struggled here with clear definitions delineating differences between the two.