Distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Outline the major risk factors for type 2 diabetes.

Type 1 involves destruction of the β-cells in the pancreas whereas type 2 is characterised by impaired glucose tolerance because of insulin resistance✔

Type 1 may or may not be improved with exercise whereas type 2 responds well to exercise✔

Type 1 generally has a sudden onset during childhood or young adulthood whereas the onset of type 2 is more gradual✔

Type 1 is normally inherited whereas type 2 is often acquired via lifestyle✔

obesity plays a major role in the development of type 2 diabetes✔

associated with physical inactivity✔

associated with a diet high in saturated fat / sugar✔

genetics/heredity is a factor in the development of type 2 diabetes✔

risk factors are modifiable for type 2 diabetes✔

generally well answered, with a range of correct responses.

some candidates appeared to confuse risk factors with consequences.