Define the term personality.

Outline two issues associated with the measurement of personality. 

Discuss how attitudes and behaviours in sport or exercise settings are linked to social learning theory.

those relatively stable and enduring aspects of individuals which distinguish them from other people, making them unique but at the same time permit a comparison between individuals OWTTE✔

distinction between psychological traits and states / typical behaviour ‹traits› and situation’s effects on behaviour ‹states›✔

fluctuations before and during competition✔

limitations of data collection method ‹interviews, questionnaires, observations›✔

valid tests reliably developed can have measurement error✔

social learning theory explains behaviour in terms of observational learning ‹modelling› and social reinforcement ‹feedback›✔

Specific attitudes and behaviours toward sport and exercise are learned:
through modelling / observational learning✔

reinforcement✔
social comparison✔

people’s social learning history determines their attitudes and behaviour in sport and exercise settings✔

can have a positive / negative effect on sport and exercise behaviour✔

sport / exercise example✔

some answers were too vague to be awarded the mark.

significant numbers of candidates identified ethical issues, which is puzzling.

not conceptually difficult – but there were many candidates who struggled to explain social learning theory.