List two classes of non-nutritional ergogenic aids that are currently banned by the International Olympic Committee.

1.

2.

State the adverse health effects of long-term use of anabolic steroids.

Explain the proposed benefits to an athlete of using diuretics.

anabolic steroids✔

hormones and related substances✔

diuretics✔

beta blockers✔

stimulants✔

http://www.ukad.org.uk/resources/document/the-prohibited-list-2016 

personality change / aggressive behaviour✔

early closure of epiphyses ‹of long bones›✔

testicular atrophy / reduced sperm count ‹males›✔

prostate gland enlargement ‹males›✔

disrupts ovulation / menstruation ‹females›✔

breast regression / enlargement of clitoris / deepening of voice/facial hair ‹females›✔

liver damage✔

diseased heart muscle✔

depressed HDL/atherosclerosis✔

excrete water for rapid weight loss✔

meet a weight category/transiently reduce body weight in weight-class sports✔

used by athletes who believe that a lighter body will enhance their performance ‹eg gymnasts / dancers›✔

increase urine volume to flush out banned substances✔

dilute/mask concentration of banned substance‹s› in urine making it more difficult to detect / allows athletes taking an illegal drug to compete✔

help prevent AMS / acute mountain sickness for athletes participating / competing at high altitude✔

some candidates appeared to have misunderstood the term ‘classes’, and presented specific examples within a class.

generally well answered.

more candidates need to focus on answering the question – and this question was about ‘benefits’ of using diuretics – not negative outcomes.