Which Feynman diagram shows beta-plus (β⁺) decay?

Describe the quark structure of a baryon.

Rutherford constructed a model of the atom based on the results of the alpha particle scattering experiment. Describe this model.

The Feynman diagram shows the changes that occur during beta minus (β^–) decay.

Label the diagram by inserting the four missing particle symbols and the direction of the arrows for the decay particles.

Draw arrow heads on the lines representing $\overline{u}$ and d in the ${\pi }^{-}$.

A particular K meson has a quark structure $\overline{\mathrm{u}}$s. State the charge, strangeness and baryon number for this meson.

Copper (${}_{29}^{64}\text{Cu}$) decays to nickel (${}_{28}^{64}\text{Ni}$). What are the particles emitted and the particle that mediates the interaction?

Sketch the Feynman diagram that represents this reaction. The diagram has been started for you.

Draw a labelled arrow to complete the Feynman diagram.

Identify particle V.

The following interaction is proposed between a proton and a pion.

p⁺ + $\pi$^– → K^– + $\pi$⁺

The quark content of the $\pi$^– is ūd and the quark content of the K^– is ūs.

Three conservation rules are considered

I.   baryon number

II.  charge

III. strangeness.

Which conservation rules are violated in this interaction?

A.   I and II only

B.   I and III only

C.   II and III only

D.   I, II and III

Three conservation laws in nuclear reactions are

I. conservation of charge

II. conservation of baryon number

III. conservation of lepton number.

The reaction

$n\to {\pi }^{-}+e^{+}+{\overline{v}}_e$

is proposed.

Which conservation laws are violated in the proposed reaction?

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

The following decay is observed.

μ⁻ → e⁻ + v_μ + X

What is particle X?

A.   γ

B.   $\overline{v}$_e

C.   Z⁰

D.   v_e

The reaction p⁺ + n⁰ → p⁺ + $\pi$⁰ does not occur because it violates the conservation law of

A.  electric charge.

B.  baryon number.

C.  lepton number.

D.  strangeness.

A particular K meson has a quark structure $\overline{\mathrm{u}}$s. State the charge on this meson.

The Feynman diagram shows some of the changes in a proton–proton collision.

What is the equation for this collision?

A.  $\mathrm{p}+\mathrm{p}\to \mathrm{p}+\mathrm{n}+{\mathrm{\pi }}^{+}$

B.  $\mathrm{p}+\mathrm{p}\to \mathrm{p}+\mathrm{n}+{\mathrm{\pi }}^{-}$

C.  $\mathrm{p}+\mathrm{p}\to \mathrm{p}+\overline{\mathrm{n}}+{\mathrm{\pi }}^{+}$

D.  $\mathrm{p}+\mathrm{p}\to \mathrm{p}+\overline{\mathrm{n}}+{\mathrm{\pi }}^{-}$

When a pi meson π- (du̅) and a proton (uud) collide, a possible outcome is a sigma baryon Σ⁰ (uds) and a kaon meson Κ⁰ (ds̅).

Apply three conservation laws to show that this interaction is possible.

The neutron number N and the proton number Z are not equal for the nuclide ${}_{81}{}^{205}\text{Tl}$. Explain, with reference to the forces acting within the nucleus, the reason for this.

The ${\pi }^{+}$ meson contains an up ($u$) quark. What is the quark structure of the ${\pi }^{-}$ meson?

A. $ud$

B. $u\overline{d}$

C. $\overline{u}d$

D. $\overline{u}\overline{d}$

Thallium-206 $\left({}_{81}{}^{206}\text{Tl}\right)$ decays into lead-206 $\left({}_{82}{}^{206}\text{Pb}\right)$.

Identify the quark changes for this decay.

The neutron number N and the proton number Z are not equal for the nuclide ${}_{81}{}^{205}\text{Tl}$. Explain, with reference to the forces acting within the nucleus, the reason for this.

A particle reaction is

$p+e^{-}+{\overline{V}}_{\mu }\to n+{\mu }^{+}+v_e$.

Which conservation law is violated by the reaction?

A. Baryon number

B. Charge

C. Lepton number

D. Momentum

Energy is transferred to a hadron in an attempt to separate its quarks. Describe the implications of quark confinement for this situation.