DP Biology Questionbank

Description

Nature of science:
Looking for patterns, trends and discrepancies—there is mounting evidence that the environment can trigger heritable changes in epigenetic factors. (3.1)Understandings:

• Transcription occurs in a 5’ to 3’ direction.
• Nucleosomes help to regulate transcription in eukaryotes.
• Eukaryotic cells modify mRNA after transcription.
• Splicing of mRNA increases the number of different proteins an organism can produce.
• Gene expression is regulated by proteins that bind to specific base sequences in DNA.
• The environment of a cell and of an organism has an impact on gene expression.

Application and skills:

• Application: The promoter as an example of non-coding DNA with a function.
• Skill: Analysis of changes in the DNA methylation patterns.

Guidance:

• RNA polymerase adds the 5´ end of the free RNA nucleotide to the 3´ end of the growing mRNA molecule.

Theory of knowledge:

• The nature versus nurture debate concerning the relative importance of an individual’s innate qualities versus those acquired through experiences is still under discussion. Is it important for science to attempt to answer this question?

Utilization:
Syllabus and cross-curricular links:
Biology
Topic 2.7 DNA replication, transcription and translation

Directly related questions

• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.1: Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C....
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.12:

  In which process(es) do nucleosomes play a role in eukaryotes?

  I. tRNA activation

  II. Transcription regulation

  III. DNA supercoiling

  A. I only

  B. II only

  C. II and III only

  D. I, II and III

• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.8c: Explain the control of gene expression in eukaryotes.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.2a.ii: Nucleosomes help to regulate transcription in eukaryotes. State a chemical modification of a...
• 20N.1.HL.TZ0.26: The number of protein-coding genes in the human genome is estimated to be about 20 000, which is...
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.07b:

  Nitrogen is part of many important substances in living organisms.

  Distinguish between transcription and translation.

• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.26: Some regions of DNA do not code for the production of proteins. What are these regions of DNA...
• 21M.1.HL.TZ2.27:

  What is a feature of transcription in the single-celled organism shown in the electron micrograph?

  

  [Source: George E. Palade Electron Microscopy Slide Collection Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library Yale University Library.]

  A. mRNA splicing

  B. Removal of introns

  C. Codon-anticodon binding

  D. Synthesis of RNA in a 5′ to 3′ direction

• 21N.2.HL.TZ0.6a:

  Draw labelled diagrams to show the structure of RNA nucleotides and how they are linked together to form a molecule of RNA.

• 21N.2.HL.TZ0.6b:

  Explain transcription.

• 22M.1.HL.TZ1.27: During modification in eukaryotes, mRNA is spliced. What is splicing of mRNA? A. Separation of...
• 22M.1.HL.TZ2.27: Promoters are non-coding regions in DNA. What is the role of a promoter? A. It starts...
• 18M.1.HL.TZ2.10: Gene expression in cells is regulated at various stages. During which stage does splicing of RNA...
• 18M.1.HL.TZ2.11: How can environmental factors affect the expression of genes? A. By promoting the replication of...
• 19M.2.HL.TZ2.2b.i: Outline the difference in methylation pattern between tumorous and normal tissue samples.  
• 19M.2.HL.TZ2.2b.ii: Suggest a way methylation may affect tumour cell genes.