Date | November 2021 | Marks available | 1 | Reference code | 21N.2.HL.TZ0.4 |
Level | Higher level | Paper | Paper 2 | Time zone | TZ0 / no time zone |
Command term | Label | Question number | 4 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
The figure shows a tripeptide.
Label one peptide bond in this molecule.
Describe the secondary structure of proteins.
Outline the action taken by the diaphragm during inhalation.
Markscheme
circle/bracket around peptide bond / arrow pointing to peptide bond / peptide bond labelled;
Allow either peptide bond
Allow if adjacent C=O and NH groups are included in the circle/bracket, but do not allow if other parts of the molecule are included.
a. polypeptide wound into a helical structure / alpha/α helix
OR
polypeptide folded back on itself forming a pleated sheet / beta/β pleated sheet;
b. stabilized/held in shape by/due to hydrogen bonds (between C=O and N-H groups);
c. secondary structures are regular/unvarying (within polypeptides/proteins);
Allow annotated diagrams
contracts/flattens/becomes less domed/increases volume of thorax;
Examiners report
80 % of candidates indicated one of the two peptide bonds in the diagram correctly.
There were some good answers here describing secondary structures and the role of hydrogen bonding.
80 % of candidates knew that the diaphragm contracts than relaxes during inhalation, or stated that it flattens rather than moves upwards.