Date | May 2021 | Marks available | 15 | Reference code | 21M.3op4.HL.TZ0.5 |
Level | Higher level only | Paper | Paper 3 (History of Europe) | Time zone | TZ0 |
Command term | To what extent | Question number | 5 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Section 3: Late medieval political crises (1300–1487)
“Weak government was the main cause of the deposition of Edward II.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Markscheme
Candidates should consider the merits or otherwise of the view that Edward II was deposed because of his weak rule. His weak government may be indicated by his acceptance of the Ordinances of 1311, forced on him by the barons and parliament. The unpopularity of his favourites (Gaveston and Despenser) and his failure to deal with the long famine also weakened his position. His failure as a military leader also undermined his position (Bannockburn and the failure to remove Robert the Bruce). Some candidates may argue that Edward was relatively successful in the Despenser War when he brought the barons under control to some extent and that in the short term his rift with Isabella and her relationship with Mortimer caused the final crisis. He lost the support of the Church and Parliament, both of which were necessary to maintain his rule. Candidates’ opinions or conclusions should be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.
Examiners report
The question required that candidates consider the merits or otherwise of the statement that Edward II was deposed because of his weak rule.