“Edward II’s removal from the throne in 1327 was the result of his failures as a military leader.” Discuss.

The question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of the assertion that Edward II’s deposition was because of his unsuccessful military leadership. When considering this issue, which was a key role of medieval kings, candidates may refer to Bannockburn and the humiliating treaty with Scotland, or the military failure in Gascony. Other factors that might be discussed include his relationship with favourites such as Gaveston and the Despensers; their domination of patronage aroused the hostility of key magnates and of parliament. Edward’s weak and unreliable character may also be considered. Queen Isabella’s—and her favourite, Mortimer’s—actions, and their control of the young Edward, who was perceived to be a suitable successor, may also have been crucial to the deposition.