To what extent did one Latin American country overcome challenges to the establishment of a political system?

The question requires that candidates consider the merits or otherwise of the suggestion that one Latin American country overcame challenges to the establishment of a political system. Candidates may refer to economic, political, international and/or social factors. One reason that challenged the establishment of the political system during the period was the diversity of plans for the future political organisation, like in the examples of Argentina, Mexico and Brazil, where some leaders advocated for a republic and others for a monarchy. Another challenge was the fragile economy, the loss of resources due to the wars of independence, the disruption of traditional trade routes and markets, and the lack of tax systems. Candidates may consider the need to define the new frontiers and territories as another challenge since this triggered new conflicts, like in the case of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. The role of caudillos could also be assessed as a challenge to the establishment of the political system since many of them refused to leave power. Social conflicts derived from class differences and/or ethnic origins also challenged the establishment of the political system, like in the examples of Peru, Bolivia and Mexico. To measure the extent that one Latin American country succeeded or not in establishing a political system, candidates may refer to the holding of regular elections, the establishment of political parties and a congress, the signing of a constitution, etc. Candidates’ opinions or conclusions will be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.

The question required that candidates consider the merits or otherwise of the suggestion that one Latin American country overcame challenges to the establishment of a political system.