“Caudillos offered an effective response to the challenges of independence.” Discuss with reference to one caudillo.

The question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of the statement that caudillos responded effectively to the challenges that came with independence. Candidates may refer to a caudillo who achieved some economic progress after the wars of independence or may discuss a case in which a caudillo compromised economic development. They may discuss the extent to which a caudillo was effective at preventing territorial disintegration by suppressing domestic opposition or challenges from foreign powers. Candidates may also discuss whether the caudillo promoted some extent of democracy or whether they overlooked legitimacy. While other relevant factors, such as the reasons for the challenges, may be referred to, the bulk of the response will remain on the issue raised in the question. Candidates may agree, partly agree or disagree with the statement.