“Military strength was the main factor in the decision of African states to resist imperialism.” Discuss.

The question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of the importance of military strength in the decision of African states to resist imperialism. Candidates may refer to the presence of military strength in states such as Ethiopia, the Zulu Empire and the Mandinka Empire which encouraged them to resist and also consider the measures taken against European imperialists. Other relevant factors such as the desire to maintain their religious beliefs; the pride and determination of individual leaders; opposition to cultural and economic changes brought on by European imperialists, may be referred to, but the bulk of the response will remain on the issue raised in the question. The existence of alliances with other African states or external forces may also be considered. Candidates may agree, partly agree or disagree with the statement.