| Date | May 2019 | Marks available | 15 | Reference code | 19M.3op2.HL.TZ0.22 |
| Level | Higher level only | Paper | Paper 3 (History of the Americas) | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Examine | Question number | 22 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Section 11: The Mexican Revolution (1884–1940)
Examine the reasons for, and methods of, foreign intervention in the Mexican Revolution.
Markscheme
The question requires that candidates consider the interrelationship between the reasons for and methods of foreign intervention in the Mexican Revolution. Reasons may predate the timeframe but they must be clearly linked to the issue raised in the question. As Mexico’s neighbour, the US was concerned about the impact of unrest on its own territory and intervened to restore the rule of law and protect their economic interests. Candidates may discuss the use of diplomatic methods, for example the placement of an embargo in 1912 and/or US refusal to recognize Huerta as president. Candidates may also refer to military intervention in Veracruz and/or General Pershing’s expedition to capture Pancho Villa.
Examiners report
The question required candidates to consider the interrelationship between the reasons for and methods of foreign intervention in the Mexican Revolution. The role of foreign intervention in the Mexican Revolution was not a frequent selection but often produced responses of adequate to good quality dealing with both “reasons for” and “methods of”. While candidates most often focused on the role of the US, the actions of Germany during the First World War were also addressed with some frequency.
