Evaluate the contributions of Cavour and Mazzini to the unification of Italy.

Candidates will weigh up the significance of the contributions of Cavour and Mazzini to the eventual unification of Italy. In appraising their impact, consideration may be given to how they contributed to the growth of nationalism and support for the unification of Italy. Candidates may also consider the practical successes of both men. Some may argue that Mazzini was vital as he was an inspiration for unification. He founded “Young Italy” and it may be suggested that his inspiration of Garibaldi would later prove to be a substantial contribution. However, Mazzini’s practical contributions were limited. It could be argued that Cavour was more significant because of his practical policies; he strengthened Piedmont, gained allies (Napoleon III) to support the region and seized opportunities in the Duchies. After Garibaldi’s 1860 expedition, Cavour persuaded Garibaldi to cede territory to Victor Emmanuel, thus contributing to the unification of most of Italy.