| Date | November 2021 | Marks available | 1 | Reference code | 21N.1.bp.3 |
| Level | SL and HL | Paper | 1 | Time zone | |
| Command term | Estimate | Question number | 3 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
The pie chart shows the aquaculture production of Asia, by country, in 2016.
Identify the country with the third largest aquaculture production.
Estimate the aquaculture production in China in millions of tonnes.
Outline one environmental problem associated with the growth of aquaculture.
Suggest how sustainable management of ocean fish stocks in low- and middle-income countries may have benefits for local communities.
Suggest how sustainable management of ocean fish stocks in low- and middle-income countries may have benefits for the global environment.
Markscheme
Indonesia
56 (accept 53–59)
Award [1] for the environmental problem and [1] for development/explanation.
For example: Contamination of waters around the aquaculture farms [1] caused by leaked chemicals [1].
Other problems include:
- Escaped fish breeding with local wild fish
- Depleted fish stocks as used to feed farmed fish
- Spread of sea lice and diseases
- Eutrophication from fertilizers added to encourage greater phytoplankton growth.
Award [1] for a valid suggestion and up to [2] for explanation or exemplification.
For example: Fishing provides employment [1] so there is long-term job security [1] due to lack of alternative employment options in industrializing/emerging countries where there is increased pressure on fish stocks [1].
Other suggestions include:
- Fishing provides protein source
- Tourism (people come to fish / scuba diving).
Award [1] for a valid suggestion and up to [2] for explanation or exemplification.
For example: Stops fish becoming extinct / allows biodiversity to thrive [1], which maintains health of ocean ecosystems [1], thus protecting an important global commons [1].
Other suggestions include:
- Healthy food chains
- Environmental services
- Future stewardship.
Examiners report
These were well done.
These were well done.
Most were able to outline an environmental problem although a surprising number did not know the meaning of aquaculture.
These were generally fine with, part (i) being answered better than (ii). Not many got full marks in either section as responses tended to be a little vague.
These were generally fine with, part (i) being answered better than (ii). Not many got full marks in either section as responses tended to be a little vague.
