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Date	November 2016	Marks available	2	Reference code	16N.2.SL.TZ0.8
Level	Standard level	Paper	Paper 2	Time zone	Time zone 0
Command term	Explain	Question number	8	Adapted from	N/A

Question

The following data are available for a natural gas power station that has a high efficiency.

Rate of consumption of natural gas	= 14.6 kg s^–1
Specific energy of natural gas	= 55.5 MJ kg^–1
Efficiency of electrical power generation	= 59.0 %
Mass of CO₂ generated per kg of natural gas	= 2.75 kg
One year	= 3.16 × 10⁷ s

Calculate, with a suitable unit, the electrical power output of the power station.

[1]

Calculate the mass of CO₂ generated in a year assuming the power station operates continuously.

[1]

Explain, using your answer to (b), why countries are being asked to decrease their dependence on fossil fuels.

[2]

Describe, in terms of energy transfers, how thermal energy of the burning gas becomes electrical energy.

[2]

Markscheme

«55.5 × 14.6 × 0.59» = 4.78 × 108 W

A unit is required for this mark. Allow use of J s^–1.

No sf penalty.

«14.6 × 2.75 × 3.16 × 10⁷ =» 1.27 × 10⁹ «kg»

If no unit assume kg

CO₂ linked to greenhouse gas OR greenhouse effect

leading to «enhanced» global warming
OR
climate change
OR
other reasonable climatic effect

Internal energy of steam/particles OR KE of steam/particles

«transfers to» KE of turbine

«transfers to» KE of generator or dynamo «producing electrical energy»

Do not award mark for first and last energies as they are given in the question.

Do not allow “gas” for “steam”

Do not accept reference to moving OR turning generator

Examiners report

[N/A]

Syllabus sections

Core » Topic 8: Energy production » 8.1 – Energy sources

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