Beans contribute to flatulence. Alpha-galactosidase, derived from the fungus Aspergillus niger, is an enzyme that breaks down the fibre usually fermented by bacteria, reducing intestinal gas. Describe how alpha-galactosidase would be produced using A. niger in a continuous fermenter.

Temperature is a variable that needs to be continually monitored in deep-tank batch fermentation of penicillin. List two other variables that need to be monitored.

a. constant nutrient medium «supply» needed/maintained

b. optimal mixing

c. fermented in sterile bioreactor

d. alpha-galactosidase production/general conditions assayed/screened/monitored «throughout the process»

e. continuous removal of alpha-galactosidase/products

[Max 3 Marks]

a. pH

b. «dissolved» oxygen