Distinguish between a variable and a constant.

State the constant used in Algorithm 1.

Outline why MID_VAL could not be a constant.

Construct a similar sub-program to the one in part (i) to calculate and return the area of the shape.

You must use an appropriate name for the sub-program and appropriate names for the parameters.

Compilers translate source code into object code. Identify two other operations performed by a compiler.

Identify two variables that have been used in the algorithm.

Construct pseudocode based on the flowchart to collect input from the user, call the sub-programs created in parts (i) and (ii), and output the results.

Construct pseudocode for the body of the following sub-program to calculate and return the perimeter of the shape.

SUB_PERIMETER(NUM_SIDES, LENGTH_SIDE)
    // Pseudocode to be added
end SUB_PERIMETER

Construct a pseudocode algorithm that will store the surnames in one array and first names in another.

Construct the algorithm from the flowchart using pseudocode. Add additional pseudocode to ensure that input is validated to only allow positive integers to be entered.

Construct the algorithm which performs the same task using a single while loop, instead of nested for loops.

Outline the need for higher level languages.

Distinguish between fundamental and compound operations of a computer.

Identify one fundamental operation of a computer.

Describe how a selection sort algorithm could be used to sort the array THREE in ascending order.

Construct an algorithm fragment to output the data in the array VALUES[]

Collection NUMBERS already exists and stores real numbers.

Construct in pseudocode an algorithm, using the access methods of a collection, which will iterate through the collection NUMBERS and count how many elements stored in the collection are in the interval [−1,1].

The final answer should be output.

Identify three characteristics of a collection.

Assume X = 5, Y = 3 and A = TRUE.

Determine the value of the following expression:

$\left(\right(\mathrm{X} > 5) \mathrm{XOR} \mathrm{A}) \mathrm{AND} (\mathrm{Y} + 2 > 4)$

Show all your working.

The transport authority wishes to know how many passengers, on average, travel on each day of the week.

Using the procedure total construct the pseudocode to output the day of the week with the highest average number of passengers, and the value of this average.

You should make use of the sub procedure convert() which converts the numbers 0 to 6 into days of the week, for example convert(1) will return “Tuesday”.

Using P_ARRAY, construct pseudocode to output the day of the week with the highest average number of passengers. Use the sub procedure convert() which converts the numbers 0 to 6 into days of the week, for example convert(1) will return “Tuesday”.

Note: you should not assume that data for an exact number of weeks is stored.

Construct an algorithm in pseudocode that will output the number of students who have chosen both tennis and football. The method isIn() should be used in your answer.

The sorting algorithm could be part of a sub-program within a larger program.

Explain the benefits of using sub-programs when constructing a larger program.

Two fundamental operations of a computer are add and retrieve. State another two fundamental operations.

Assuming that the first item read from the collection is from Monday 1st January 2018, construct pseudocode that will read PASSENGERS into an array, P_ARRAY.

Outline one benefit of using sub-programmes to implement your algorithms from parts (a) and (b).

Identify two essential features of a computer language. 

Explain two benefits of using sub-procedures within a computer program.

Construct an algorithm which will output the names of all the people whose BMI is greater than this group’s average BMI.

You should call method calcBMI() in your answer.

Construct a pseudocode algorithm that will sort the surnames into alphabetical order using the bubble sort method. The order of the first names must also be changed so that they keep the same index as their corresponding surname.

The school coordinator would like to check whether there are students who have not yet chosen any one of the three sports.

Construct an algorithm in pseudocode that will output the names of students who have not yet chosen any one of the three sports. An appropriate message should be displayed if every student has chosen a sport.

Construct the code fragment that will copy the names of the 8 fastest swimmers in ascending order of time from the array tempSwimmer to the array swimmers in the race finals.

Construct this algorithm. You may assume that the array THREE is initialized with a sufficient number of elements.

Construct an algorithm in pseudocode for the method isIn(X, COL).