With reference to the relation CLASS_TABLE distinguish between data and information.

Define the term entity.

State the entity for this example relation.

Identify an appropriate data type for Student_ID.

Explain the role of data validation and data verification.

Explain how Total could be validated.

Describe the steps in a query that will output the names of all students who earned the maximum mark on Exam_Two.

Describe the steps in a query that will output the Student_IDs of all candidates who passed.

Award [1] for stating what data is.
Award [1] for stating what information is.
Award [1] for stating the difference using an example.

Example answer 1
Data is a raw fact, for example, “Joe Skrin” is data/a string;
Whilst information is data which has meaning;
In this table “Joe Skrin” is the name of an art student/who had an examination/ who passed an examination;

Example answer 2
For example, number 99 is data;
In this database, total 99 is information;
Because it has meaning, it represents a student’s mark/it shows that the student failed;

An entity is some unit of data that can be classified and has stated relationships to other data units;
A real-world object with attributes that is represented as data in a database;

In relation to given example, the entity is a single student about whom data can be stored as a record in this relation;

String/varchar/char/alphanumeric;

Award up to [4 max]. Award [1] for stating the purpose of data verification and [1] for further explanation, up to [2 max]. Award [1] for stating the purpose of data verification and [1] for further explanation, up to [2 max].

Data verification is a process that ensures the accuracy of data;
(Accurate data is important because strategies devised based on incorrect data lead to inconsistent decision making;)
Data verification is conducted using proofreading/double entry checks/new data cleansing software and technologies have been developed to automate the data verification process;

Data validation ensures the data is logical and reasonable;
Data validation is a computer-generated process using codes to validate a range of data;

Data verification and data validation (applied in combination) provide quality assurance/make sure that processes and strategies are not driven in the wrong direction;

Award up to [2 max].

Example answer 1 (assuming the value of the Total is calculated)
The calculated value for the total mark must be an integer;
In the range from 0 to 300;
(If it is not, an error message could be output;)

Example answer 2 (assuming the value of the Total is entered)
The entered value for the total mark must be an integer;
In the range from 0 to 300;
The sum of marks on the three exams can be calculated and should be equal to the entered value for Total;
(If it is not, an error message could be output;) 

Example answer 3
Total is a validated field;
Therefore, if all the individual test fields are validated, the Total value will automatically be within the specified range;

Award [1] for selecting the correct field from the table and [1] for a correct comparison, up to [2 max].

SELECT Student_Name FROM Class_Table
WHERE Exam_Two == 100

Note: Accept logically equivalent answers.

Award marks as follows up to [4 max].
Award [1] for selecting the correct field from the table.
Award [1] for each of the correct comparisons, up to [4 max].
Award [1] for using logical operators correctly.

Example answer 1

SELECT Student_ID FROM Class_Table
WHERE Exam_One >= 30 and Exam_Two >= 30 and
  Exam_Three >= 30 and Total >= 150

Example answer 2

SELECT Student_ID FROM Class_Table
WHERE not (Exam_One < 30 or Exam_Two < 30 or
  Exam_Three < 30 or Total < 150)

Note: Accept logically equivalent answers.