| Date | November 2020 | Marks available | 3 | Reference code | 20N.1.SL.TZ0.6 |
| Level | Standard Level | Paper | Paper 1 | Time zone | Time zone 0 |
| Command term | Outline | Question number | 6 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Figure 5: “Building back better”
[Source: Gemma Handy.]
Dominica is focusing on a “Building back better” programme of recovery after Hurricane Maria to:
- become the world’s first climate-resilient nation
- conduct disaster risk assessment before reconstruction
- build hurricane-proof buildings
- build using local skills and resources
- focus on community participation in reconstruction
- plant fast-growing crops, such as lettuce and Chinese cabbage
- focus on root crops, such as sweet potatoes and ginger
- plant heat-tolerant varieties of foods
- keep farm animals in air-conditioned buildings.
[Source: United Nations Development Programme - UNDP Barbados & the Eastern Caribbean.]
Using information from Figure 5, outline how the “Build back better” programme can contribute to the resilience of Dominica.
Markscheme
resilience refers to a system’s return to equilibrium after a disturbance which relates to how quickly Dominica is rebuilding infrastructure/replanting/repairing;
conducting disaster risk assessment before reconstruction ensures that buildings are not placed in areas at risk from future hurricanes/landslides;
building hurricane-proof buildings reduces damage from future hurricanes;
planting fast-growing crops ensures agriculture/food supplies can recover quickly from damage in the future / planting fast growing crops reduces risk of soil erosion;
planting heat-tolerant varieties of food/putting animals in air-conditioned buildings means that rising temperatures from global warming will not negatively affect food supplies/agriculture;
focusing on root crops means food supplies are protected from strong winds;
using local skills and resources allows Dominica to be self-reliant without the need to import goods/skills potentially leading to a faster/cheaper recovery;
community participation in reconstruction which encourages ownership of project/takes into account local conditions is more likely to be successful;
Note: Connection must be made to resilience. Do not award marks for simply repeating material in the Resource Booklet.
Examiners report
Although most candidates achieved some marks for this question, few achieved all 3 marks. Many responses lacked the detail necessary for credit and a number of responses repeated information given in Figure 5 without outlining how these aspects would contribute to resilience.
