“The race to establish colonial rule was driven mostly by economic competition.” Discuss with reference to two colonial states.

The question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of the statement that the race to establish colonial rule was driven mostly by economic competition. The two states may or may not be chosen from the same region. Candidates may support the statement by discussing the competition between the Spanish and Portuguese empires in the Americas and Africa, which was motivated mainly by economic gain. However, the statement may also be challenged by emphasizing the importance of proselytization. Candidates may challenge the statement by referring to competition between the British and French colonies in North America as being motivated not only by economic gain but also by Great Power rivalry and the acquisition of territory. Reference may be made to Portuguese, French and British rivalry over trade in India as a precursor to colonial rule. Candidates’ opinions or conclusions will be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.

The question required candidates to offer a considered and balanced review of the statement that the race to establish colonial rule was driven mostly by economic competition. Very few responses were seen.