“The mobilization of human and economic resources was the most important factor in determining the outcome of wars.” Discuss with reference to two wars, each chosen from a different region.

The question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of the statement that the mobilization of human and economic resources was the most important factor in determining the outcome of wars. The two wars must be from different regions. Responses will likely discuss economic mobilization via the acquisition of supplies (purchasing, requisition, or from rich territory) and/or the distribution of supplies including the maintenance of supply lines or efforts to limit the enemies’ access to resources. The Toluid Civil War may be used as an example. Methods to acquire financial capital including taxation and tribute are also appropriate examples, as are efforts to obtain resources from allies such as in the Byzantine–Seljuq Wars. Human mobilization could include both the mobilization of soldiers (via conscription, solicitation, hiring or ideological inducement) and/or the mobilization of the domestic population to support the war effort, for example the Crusades. Other relevant factors considered crucial in determining the outcome, may be addressed, for example leadership, tactics, strategy and organization. Candidates’ opinions and conclusions will be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.

The question required that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of the statement that the mobilization of human and economic resources was the most important factor in determining the outcome of wars. There were very few responses seen.