Discuss the importance of secular motives for those who participated in the Crusades.

Candidates will offer a considered and balanced review of the importance of secular motives for those who participated in the Crusades. Reasons may predate the time frame, but must be clearly linked to the issue raised in the question. Candidates may refer to the prospect of acquiring land, wealth and social prestige. Adventure seekers and those hoping to escape legal and financial problems were also attracted. The opportunity to become a ruler of a territory was an incentive. Opportunities for establishing trade routes, acquiring profits and monopolies inspired some. Other relevant factors may be addressed, for example the Christian tradition of pilgrimage, the desire to obtain salvation and a desire to protect the Church and demonstrate respect for the papacy. The influence of church leaders also provided an incentive. Candidates’ opinions or conclusions will be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.