| Date | November 2019 | Marks available | 15 | Reference code | 19N.3op3.HL.TZ0.34 |
| Level | Higher level only | Paper | Paper 3 (History of Asia and Oceania) | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Discuss | Question number | 34 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Section 17: Developments in Oceania after the Second World War (1945–2005)
Discuss the factors that led to a change in either Australia’s or New Zealand’s international alignments.
Markscheme
The question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of factors that led to a change in either Australia’s or New Zealand’s international alignments. Candidates may refer to how both countries had been closely tied to the UK prior to the Second World War, but the fall of Singapore resulted in them looking to the US for protection. This resulted in the ANZUS Treaty being signed between Australia, New Zealand and the US in 1951. Close ties with the US resulted in both countries’ involvement in the Vietnam War. New Zealand felt uneasy about this and began to question US policies. The UK’s membership of the EU led to a strengthening of relations between Australia and New Zealand. Both countries also developed closer links with Asia through ASEAN, APEC, the Asian Development Bank and the Colombo Plan.
