Discuss the factors that influenced developments in the arts in two countries of the Americas.

The question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of the factors that influenced developments in the arts in two countries. Factors may predate the timeframe, but they must be clearly linked to the issue raised in the question. A comparative approach may or may not be used. Candidates may refer to the influence of European movements, such as Realism, in literature and visual arts. They may discuss the motivations to produce art with a national identity and refer to the rise of, for example, Nativism. Candidates may discuss the influence of social and political ideas, as seen, for example, in the work of Mexican muralists. While other relevant factors, such as US–Latin American tensions, may be referred to, the bulk of the response will remain on the issue raised in the question.