Examine the effects of the peacemaking processes that followed two 20th-century wars.

The question requires that candidates consider the effects of the peacemaking processes that followed two 20th-century wars. The two wars may or may not be drawn from the same region and they may or may not have been contemporaneous with each other. The consequences of the peacemaking process may extend beyond the timeframe of the world history topic but they must be clearly linked to the named peacemaking processes. A comparative approach may or may not be used. Candidates may refer to treaties that put an end to hostilities and actively pursued future peace, such as the Treaty of San Francisco (1951). Conversely, candidates may consider settlements that were later revised, such as the Treaty of Sèvres (1919), which was replaced by the Treaty of Lausanne (1923), or treaties that contributed to post-war instability such as the effect of the Treaty of Versailles on Weimar Germany. The effects of peacemaking may be political, territorial, economic, social, or a combination.

The question required candidates to consider the effects of the peacemaking processes that followed two 20^th century wars. This was a popular question, although candidates did struggle to remain focused. Most chose to discuss the peacemaking that followed both the First World War and the Second World War. Most responses mentioned only the Treaty of Versailles, however, with no mention of any of the treaties signed with the other Central Powers. Furthermore, many responses lost focus on the question and turned into a narrative of the rise to power of Hitler and the outbreak of the Second World War. There was little emphasis on the impact of the peacemaking in the years that immediately followed the war suggesting a limited knowledge of this topic. Similarly, for the Second World War, there was rarely any mention of Yalta or Potsdam although the issues discussed at these conferences would have been relevant. The end of the war in Asia was mentioned by some candidates but few mentioned the Treaty of San Francisco in 1951 or any other arrangements made to restore peace in the region.