Evaluate the importance of Julius Nyerere in the achievement of Tanganyikan independence up to 1961.

The question requires that candidates make an appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations of Julius Nyerere’s contribution to the struggle for independence in Tanganyika. Candidates may consider his leadership in the creation of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). In addition, the respect gained by Nyerere amongst the Tanganyikan population through his dedication to the cause of independence, his diplomatic skills in bringing different factions together and the support he gained because of his integrity may be considered. His moderate approach and negotiating skills impressed the British and, thus, aided the progress towards independence. Candidates may discuss other factors such as the impact of international anti-colonial sentiments that emerged after the Second World War and the effect of the outbreaks of violence in other British colonies in Africa. The decline of British economic and military power influenced the British decision to grant independence to many African states.