Discuss the changes that occurred in English government and administration as a result of the Norman invasion.

This question requires that candidates offer a considered and balanced review of governmental and administrative changes that occurred after the Norman invasion of England. They may argue that the changes were profound, limited, or perhaps that the extent varied in different fields. Changes themselves may be addressed chronologically, thematically, or in terms of their perceived importance. These changes may include the introduction of feudalism, with candidates noting the attempts to increase royal authority and exert control over the populace via methods such as castle building. When gauging the extent of change, candidates may address the transfer of land to the barons who formed the feudal aristocracy. However, some candidates may note that at lower levels there was limited land transfer and that the population remained largely Anglo-Saxon with limited French immigration. Reference may also be made to the harrying of the north and its long-term impact. Some candidates may argue, that in several areas, changes were limited at best. In terms of the structure of the state, candidates may argue that the counties remained an administrative unit and that the position of the Church—both within the state and as a landholder—was unchanged.