Discuss the impact of industrialization on labour conditions in two countries.

Candidates must offer a considered and balanced review of the impact of industrialization on labour conditions in two countries. The chosen countries may or may not come from the same region. Each country may be considered separately or a thematic approach may be adopted. When addressing “labour conditions” candidates may refer to job security, remuneration, working hours, physical conditions, and safety. The period of industrialization to be discussed may vary in length according to the examples chosen, and may focus on the early stages of industrialization, which may have occurred in the 18th and 19th centuries or much more recently, or on more mature economies and societies. The impact may be either positive or negative. While the focus of the response must be within the timeframe of this topic, the process of industrialization in the two states chosen need not have occurred simultaneously.