Discuss the impact on society and culture of two intellectual movements.

Candidates will offer a considered and balanced review of the impact on society and culture of two intellectual movements, which, while not needing to be contemporaneous with each other, must fall within the timeframe of the topic. The examples chosen may or may not come from different regions, and candidates may discuss the impact on states, regions, or geographical areas. It is not necessary to treat society and culture equally. Candidates may, for example, refer to changes in art, literature, scientific discoveries and exploration, religion and education. Discussion of the relationship between a cultural movement and social or political discontent would be valid. Candidates will go beyond description of movements to focus on impact. Each intellectual movement may be considered separately or a thematic approach adopted to compare the impact on society or culture.