| Date | November 2017 | Marks available | 15 | Reference code | 17N.3op3.HL.TZ0.31 |
| Level | Higher level only | Paper | Paper 3 (History of Asia and Oceania) | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Discuss | Question number | 31 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the governments of either Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in Pakistan or Indira Gandhi in India.
Markscheme
Candidates will offer a considered and balanced review of the strengths and weaknesses of the governments of either Zulfikar Ali Bhutto or Indira Gandhi. Candidates may choose to discuss Bhutto who was the leader of Pakistan from 1971 to 1977. Possible strengths discussed may include Pakistan’s role in the non-alignment movement, the nuclear programme and peace talks with India. Weaknesses discussed may include Bhutto’s treatment of political opponents, human rights abuses and causing the Bangladesh Liberation War by not accepting the outcome of the democratic elections. Candidates may choose to discuss Indira Gandhi who was prime minister of India for four terms between 1966 and 1984. Possible strengths discussed may include her intervention in the Bangladesh conflict, the Green Revolution and her role in the non-alignment movement. Weaknesses discussed may include the accusations of nepotism, corruption, her disregard for democratic processes and the attack on the Golden Temple in 1984.
